Fakultät Naturwissenschaften

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Biologie, Ernährungs-wissenschaften und Lebensmittelwissenschaften sind die Schwerpunkte der Fakultät. Die Forschung befasst sich mit Schlüsselthemen der Life Sciences.

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Anemia among Syrian refugee children aged 6 to 23 months living in Greater Beirut, Lebanon, including the Voices of Mothers’ and Local Healthcare Staff: A mixed-methods study
(2023) Jeremias, Theresa; Abou-Rizk, Joana; Burgard, Leonie; Entenmann, Isa; Nasreddine, Lara; Jomaa, Lamis; Hwalla, Nahla; Frank, Jan; Scherbaum, Veronika
Globally, the prevalence of anemia among children during the period of complementary feeding is high. A cross-sectional, mixed-methods study was conducted to examine the main determinants of anemia among Syrian refugee children aged 6 to 23 months (n = 215) and to illuminate the knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of their mothers and Lebanese healthcare staff on its causes and available treatment options. 42% of the children and 20% of their mothers were anemic. Determinants of child anemia were the mother having anemia or not knowing that fish/seafood is a source of iron; the child having been acutely ill the last two weeks or receiving cow’s milk, but not consuming iron-rich infant formula, added fats/oils, or fruits in the previous 24 hours. Several Syrian mothers knew some causes of anemia and named dizziness as a leading symptom but did not mention flesh foods as a key source of heme iron. They reported financial constraints in accessing iron-rich foods and supplements. Lebanese doctors largely gave appropriate dietary advice and prescribed iron supplements as treatment. Multisectoral interventions are needed that combine medical and financial support with nutrition counseling for mothers to reduce the high burden of anemia among young children living in a multiple crises situation.
Infant feeding practices, nutrition, and associated health factors during the first six months of life among Syrian refugees in Greater Beirut, Lebanon: A mixed methods study
(2022) Abou-Rizk, Joana; Jeremias, Theresa; Nasreddine, Lara; Jomaa, Lamis; Hwalla, Nahla; Frank, Jan; Scherbaum, Veronika
The objective was to describe infant feeding practices, nutrition and related health aspects of infants under six months among Syrian refugees in Greater Beirut, Lebanon. A cross-sectional study was conducted among Syrian refugee mothers with infants under six months in July–October 2018 (N = 114). Additionally, eleven focus group discussions were conducted to explore supportive factors and barriers associated with early breastfeeding practices. The prevalence of pre-lacteal feeding was high (62.5%), whereas early initiation of breastfeeding was low (31%), and exclusive breastfeeding very low (24.6%). One-fifth of the infants were anemic (20.5%) and 9.6% were wasted. A significantly higher proportion of non-exclusively breastfed infants had a fever and took medicines than those who were exclusively breastfed. Supporting factors of adequate infant feeding practices comprised knowledge on maternal nutrition and exclusive breastfeeding, along with receiving support from healthcare professionals and family members. Identified barriers included preterm delivery, pre-lacteal feeding, an at-risk waist circumference and moderate to severe depression among mothers, bottle feeding, early introduction of food, maternal health reasons, breastmilk substitutes’ distribution, and misinformation offered by mothers-in-law. To address sub-optimal feeding practices documented among Syrian refugees, awareness on proper breastfeeding practices, maternal nutrition, and psychosocial support should be provided to mothers and family members alike.
The natural product 2,4,6-tribromoanisole is the predominant polyhalogenated compound in representative Australian passive air samples
(2025) Schweizer, Sina; Wang, Xianyu; Paxman, Chris; Mueller, Jochen F.; Vetter, Walter; Schweizer, Sina; Institute of Food Chemistry, Department of Food Chemistry (170B), University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany; Wang, Xianyu; University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences, 4102, Brisbane, Australia; Paxman, Chris; University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences, 4102, Brisbane, Australia; Mueller, Jochen F.; University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences, 4102, Brisbane, Australia; Vetter, Walter; Institute of Food Chemistry, Department of Food Chemistry (170B), University of Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
Passive air samplers are well-suited for monitoring persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in ambient air. While the presence of POPs had been documented in Australian air, no data existed on structurally similar, halogenated natural products (HNPs), although these were frequently found in marine biota samples from Australia at levels exceeding those of anthropogenic POPs. This study reports quantitative data of the HNP 2,4,6-tribromoanisole (2,4,6-TBA) along with three POPs (polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) 153 and 138 as well as hexachlorobenzene (HCB)) in six selected passive air samples from different Australian regions (islands, coastal cities, and inland). For the most abundant HNP, 2,4,6-TBA, time-averaged concentrations for one year were determined at up to 420 pg/m 3 (One Tree Island), indicating its predominant natural production in the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). High concentrations of 2,4,6-TBA (17 pg/m 3 ), even in the remote inland sample (~ 800 km from the sea), led to the conclusion that the marine-derived 2,4,6-TBA was transported over long distances in air and can be found ubiquitously in Australian air. Even in the coastal cities of Brisbane and Darwin, 2,4,6-TBA levels were comparable to those of the PCBs. The HNP 2,3,3',4,4',5,5'-heptachloro-1'-methyl-1,2'-bipyrrole (Q1) was also detected in air from two islands. Its presence in air from One Tree Island was in line with expectations, given the high levels in marine mammal samples from the GBR. In direct comparison, the ~15 times higher ratio of Q1/2,4,6-TBA in air from Phillip Island indicated Q1 could be even more abundant in this marine region than in the GBR.

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