Landessaatzuchtanstalt

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hohpublica.uni-hohenheim.de/handle/123456789/32

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Browsing Landessaatzuchtanstalt by Person "Flath, Kerstin"

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    Mapping and validating stem rust resistance genes directly in self-incompatible genetic resources of winter rye
    (2021) Gruner, Paul; Schmitt, Anne-Kristin; Flath, Kerstin; Piepho, Hans-Peter; Miedaner, Thomas
    Key message: Individual stem rust resistance genes could be directly mapped within self-incompatible rye populations. Abstract: Genetic resources of rye (Secale cereale L.) are cross-pollinating populations that can be highly diverse and are naturally segregating. In this study, we show that this segregation could be used for mapping stem rust resistance. Populations of pre-selected donors from the Russian Federation, the USA and Austria were tested on a single-plant basis for stem rust resistance by a leaf-segment test with three rust isolates. Seventy-four plants per population were genotyped with a 10 K-SNP chip. Using cumulative logit models, significant associations between the ordinal infection score and the marker alleles could be found. Three different loci (Pgs1, Pgs2, Pgs3) in three populations were highly significant, and resistance-linked markers could be validated with field experiments of an independent seed sample from the original population and were used to fix two populations for resistance. We showed that it is possible to map monogenically inherited seedling resistance genes directly in genetic resources, thus providing a competitive alternative to linkage mapping approaches that require a tedious and time-consuming inbreeding over several generations.
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    Quantitative-genetic evaluation of resistances to five fungal diseases in a large triticale diversity panel (×Triticosecale)
    (2022) Miedaner, Thomas; Flath, Kerstin; Starck, Norbert; Weißmann, Sigrid; Maurer, Hans Peter
    The man-made cereal triticale was fully resistant to the biotrophic diseases powdery mildew, leaf rust, yellow rust, and stem rust from its introduction in Europe in the mid-1970s until about 1990. In the following years, new races that were able to infect at least some triticale genotypes developed in all four pathogen populations, and resistance breeding came into focus. Here, we analyzed 656 winter triticale cultivars from 12 countries for resistance to these biotrophic diseases and Fusarium head blight (FHB) at up to 8 location-year combinations (environments). FHB ratings were corrected for plant height and heading stage by comparing three statistical methods. Significant (p < 0.001) genetic variances were found for all resistances with moderate to high entry-mean heritabilities. All traits showed a normal distribution, with the exception of stem rust, where the ratings were skewed towards resistance. There were no substantial correlations among the five disease resistances (r = −0.04 to 0.26). However, several genotypes were detected with multi-disease resistance with a disease rating below average for all five diseases simultaneously. In future, such genotypes must be selected primarily to cope with future challenges of less pesticide use and global climate change.