Browsing by Person "Gould, Elliot"

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    Same data, different analysts: variation in effect sizes due to analytical decisions in ecology and evolutionary biology
    (2025) Gould, Elliot; Berauer, Bernd J.; Ernst, Ulrich Rainer; Zitomer, Rachel A.; Gould, Elliot; School of Agriculture Food and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, 3010, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Fraser, Hannah S.; School of Historical and Philosophical Studies, University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, 3010, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Parker, Timothy H.; Department of Biology, Whitman College, 345 Boyer Ave, 99362, Walla Walla, WA, USA; Nakagawa, Shinichi; School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, 2052, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Griffith, Simon C.; School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Balaclava Rd, Macquarie Park, 2109, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Vesk, Peter A.; School of Agriculture Food and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, 3010, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Fidler, Fiona; School of Historical and Philosophical Studies, University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, 3010, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Hamilton, Daniel G.; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 750 Collins Street, 3008, Docklands, VIC, Australia; Abbey-Lee, Robin N.; Länsstyrelsen Östergötland, Östgötagatan 3, 58186, Linköping, Sweden; Abbott, Jessica K.; Biology Department, Lund University, Sölvegatan 37, 22362, Lund, Sweden; Aguirre, Luis A.; Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, 1 Campus Center Way, 01003, Amherst, MA, USA; Alcaraz, Carles; Marine and Continental Waters, IRTA, Carretera Poble Nou Km 5.5, 43540 La Ràpita, Catalonia, Spain; Aloni, Irith; Department of Life Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.Box 653, 84105, Beer Sheva, Israel; Altschul, Drew; Department of Psychology, The University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, EH9 1HB, Edinburgh, UK; Arekar, Kunal; Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Indian Institute of Science, 560012, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India; Atkins, Jeff W.; Southern Research Station, USDA Forest Service, PO Box 700, 29809, New Ellenton, SC, USA; Atkinson, Joe; Center for Ecological Dynamics in a Novel Biosphere (ECONOVO), Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114-116, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark; Baker, Christopher M.; School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, 3052, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Barrett, Meghan; Biology, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, 420 University Blvd, 46202, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Bell, Kristian; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, 3125, Burwood, VIC, Australia; Bello, Suleiman Kehinde; Department of Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, 80200, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Beltrán, Iván; Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, 205ACR Culloden Road, 2113, Macquarie Park, New South Wales, Australia; Berauer, Bernd J.; Department of Plant Ecology, University of Hohenheim, Institute of Landscape and Plant Ecology, Ottilie-Zeller-Weg, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany; Bertram, Michael Grant; Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skogsmarksgränd 17, SE-907 36, Umeå, Sweden; Billman, Peter D.; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, 75 N. Eagleville Rd, 06226, Storrs, CT, USA; Blake, Charlie K.; STEM Center, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, 1 Hairpin Dr, 62026, Edwardsville, IL, USA; Blake, Shannon; University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, N1G 2W1, Guelph, Ontario, Canada; Bliard, Louis; Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland; Bonisoli-Alquati, Andrea; Department of Biological Sciences, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, USA; Bonnet, Timothée; Centre d’Études Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372, Université de la Rochelle - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 405 route de Prissé la Charrière, 79360, Villiers en Bois, France; Bordes, Camille Nina Marion; Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan 529000, Israel; Bose, Aneesh P. H.; Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skogsmarksgränd 17, SE-907 36, Umeå, Sweden; Botterill-James, Thomas; School of Natural Sciences, University of Tasmania, TAS, Private Bag 55, 7001, Hobart, Australia; Boyd, Melissa Anna; Whitebark Institute, 3399 Main Street, Suite W5, 93546, Mammoth Lakes, CA, USA; Boyle, Sarah A.; Department of Biology, Rhodes College, 2000 N. 38112, Parkway, Memphis, TN, USA; Bradfer-Lawrence, Tom; Centre for Conservation Science, RSPB, 2 Lochside View, EH12 9DH, Edinburgh, UK; Bradham, Jennifer; Environmental Studies, Wofford College, 429 N. Church St, 29303, Spartanburg, SC, USA; Brand, Jack A.; Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skogsmarksgränd 17, SE-907 36, Umeå, Sweden; Brengdahl, Martin I.; IFM Biology, Linköping University, 581 83, Linköping, Sweden; Bulla, Martin; Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha - Suchdol, Czech Republic; Bussière, Luc; Biological and Environmental Sciences & Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 7B, SE-413 90, Gothenburg, Sweden; Camerlenghi, Ettore; School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Rainforest Walk 25, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Campbell, Sara E.; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee Knoxville, 569 Dabney Hall, 37996, Knoxville, TN, USA; Campos, Leonardo L. F.; Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, UFSC, Campus Universitário - Córrego Grande Florianópolis – SC; CEP, 88040-900, Florianópolis, Brazil; Caravaggi, Anthony; School of Biological and Forensic Sciences, University of South Wales, The Alfred Russel Wallace Building, 9 Graig Fach, CF37 4BB, Glyntaff, Pontypridd, UK; Cardoso, Pedro; Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c) &, CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisbon, Portugal; Carroll, Charles J. W.; Forest and Rangeland Stewardship, Colorado State University, 1472 Campus Delivery, 80523-1472, Fort Collins, CO, USA; Catanach, Therese A.; Department of Ornithology, Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Parkway, 19096, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Chen, Xuan; Salisbury University, 1101 Camden Ave, 21801, Biology, Salisbury, MD, USA; Chik, Heung Ying Janet; Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, Netherlands; Choy, Emily Sarah; Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, L8S 4K1, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Christie, Alec Philip; Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing St, CB2 3EJ, Cambridge, UK; Chuang, Angela; Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Rd, 33850, Lake Alfred, FL, USA; Chunco, Amanda J.; Environmental Studies, Elon University, McMichael Science Building, 2625 Campus Box, 27244, Elon, NC, USA; Clark, Bethany L.; BirdLife International, David Attenborough Building, Pembroke Street, CB2 3QZ, Cambridge, UK; Contina, Andrea; School of Integrative Biological and Chemical Sciences, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, One West University Boulevard, 78520, Brownsville, TX, USA; Covernton, Garth A.; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Willcocks St, M5S 3B2, Toronto, ON, Canada; Cox, Murray P.; Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; Cressman, Kimberly A.; LLC, Catbird Stats, PO Box 2018, 39553, Gautier, MS, USA; Crotti, Marco; School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, G12 8QQ, Glasgow, UK; Crouch, Connor Davidson; School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, 200 E Pine Knoll Dr. 86001, Flagstaff, AZ, USA; D’Amelio, Pietro B.; Department of Behavioural Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Eberhard-Gwinner-Strasse, 82319, Seewiesen, Oberbayern, Germany; de Sousa, Alexandra Allison; School of Sciences: Center for Health and Cognition, Bath Spa University, BA2 9BN, Newton Park, Bath, UK; Döbert, Timm Fabian; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, T6G 2R3, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Dobler, Ralph; Applied Zoology, Zellescher Weg 20b, 01217, Dresden, TUDresden, Germany; Dobson, Adam J.; School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Medical Veterinary & Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, G12 8Qq, Glasgow, UK; Doherty, Tim S.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, 2006, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Drobniak, Szymon Marian; Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Krakow, Poland; Duffy, Alexandra Grace; Biology Department, Brigham Young University, 4102 Life Science Building, Provo, UT, USA; Duncan, Alison B.; Institute of Evolutionary Sciences Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France; Dunn, Robert P.; Baruch Marine Field Laboratory, University of South Carolina, 2306 Crabhaul Rd, 29440, Georgetown, SC, USA; Dunning, Jamie; Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Buckhurst road, SL5 7PY, Berkshire, UK; Dutta, Trishna; European Forest Institute, Platz d. Vereinten Nationen 7, 53113, Bonn, Germany; Eberhart-Hertel, Luke; Department of Ornithology, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Eberhard-Gwinner Str. 7, 82319, Seewiesen, Germany; Elmore, Jared Alan; Forestry and Environmental Conservation, National Bobwhite and Grassland Initiative, Clemson University, 243 Lehotsky Hall, 29634, Clemson, SC, USA; Elsherif, Mahmoud Medhat; Department of Psychology and Vision Science, University of Birmingham, 52 Pritchatts Road. Edgbaston, B15 2TT, Baily Thomas GrantBirmingham, UK; English, Holly M.; School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, D04 V1W8, Belfield, Ireland; Ensminger, David C.; Department of Biological Sciences, San José State University, 129 S 10th Street, 95112, San Jose, CA, USA; Ernst, Ulrich Rainer; Apicultural State Institute, University of Hohenheim, Erna-Hruschka-Weg 6, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany; Ferguson, Stephen M.; Department of Biology, St. Norbert College, 100 Grant St, 54115, De Pere, WI, USA; Fernandez-Juricic, Esteban; Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, 915 W. State Street, 47907, West Lafayette, IN, USA; Ferreira-Arruda, Thalita; Biodiversity, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Macroecology & BiogeographyBüsgenweg 1, 37077, Göttingen, Germany; Fieberg, John; Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 135 Skok Hall, 2003 Upper Buford Circle, 55108, St. Paul, MN, USA; Finch, Elizabeth A.; CABI, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey, UK; Fiorenza, Evan A.; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, 321 Steinhaus Hall, 92697, IrvineIrvine, CA, USA; Fisher, David N.; School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, King Street, AB244FX, Aberdeen, UK; Fontaine, Amélie; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Rd, Ste Anne-de-Bellevue, H9X 3V9, Montreal, QC, Canada; Forstmeier, Wolfgang; Department of Ornithology, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Eberhard-Gwinner Str. 7, 82319, Seewiesen, Germany; Fourcade, Yoan; Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences (iEES), Univ. Paris-Est Creteil, 61 avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94010, Créteil, France; Frank, Graham S.; Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, 321 Richardson Hall, 97331, Corvallis, OR, USA; Freund, Cathryn A.; Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Road, 27109, Winston Salem, NC, USA; Fuentes-Lillo, Eduardo; Laboratorio de Invasiones Biológicas (LIB), Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Victoria 631, Concepción, Chile; Gandy, Sara L.; Institute for Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Glasgow, UK; Gannon, Dustin G.; Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, College of Forestry, Oregon State University, 97333, Corvallis, OR, USA; García-Cervigón, Ana I.; Biodiversity and Conservation Area, Rey Juan Carlos University, C/ Tulipán s/n, 28933, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain; Garretson, Alexis C.; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University, 136 Harrison Ave #813, 02111, Boston, MA, USA; Ge, Xuezhen; Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd E, N1G 2W1, Guelph, ON, Canada; Geary, William L.; School of Life and Environmental Sciences (Burwood Campus), Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Géron, Charly; CNRS, University of Rennes, 263 Avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042, Rennes, France; Gilles, Marc; Department of Behavioural Ecology, Bielefeld University, Konsequenz 45, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany; Girndt, Antje; Fakultät für Biologie, Arbeitsgruppe Evolutionsbiologie, Universität Bielefeld, Morgenbreede 45, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany; Gliksman, Daniel; Chair of Meteorology, Institute for Hydrology and Meteorology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Technische Universität Dresden, Pienner Str. 23, 01737, Tharandt, Germany; Goldspiel, Harrison B.; Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Conservation Biology, University of Maine, 5755 Nutting Hall, Room 210, 04469-5755, Orono, ME, USA; Gomes, Dylan G. E.; Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, 1910 W University Dr, 83725, Boise, ID, USA; Good, Megan Kate; School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, 3010, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Goslee, Sarah C.; Pastures Systems and Watershed Management Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, USDA-ARS PSWMRU, Bldg. 3702 Curtin Road, 16802, University Park, PA, USA; Gosnell, J. Stephen; Department of Natural Sciences, Baruch College, City University of New York, 17 Lexington Avenue, 10010, New York, NY, USA; Grames, Eliza M.; Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, 13902, Binghamton, NY, USA; Gratton, Paolo; Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, Via Cracovia, 1, 00133, Rome, Italy; Grebe, Nicholas M.; Department of Anthropology, University of Michigan, 1085 S. University Ave, 48109, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Greenler, Skye M.; College of Forestry, Oregon State University, 3100 SW Jefferson Way, 97333, Corvallis, OR, USA; Griffioen, Maaike; University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, België, Belgium; Griffith, Daniel M.; Earth & Environmental Sciences, Wesleyan University, 45 Wyllys Ave, 06459, Middletown, CT, USA; Griffith, Frances J.; Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, 389 Whitney Ave, 06511, New Haven, CT, USA; Grossman, Jake J.; Biology Department and Environmental Studies Department, St. Olaf College, 1520 St Olaf Ave, 55057, Northfield, MN, USA; Güncan, Ali; Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Ordu University, Ordu University, 52200, Altinordu/Ordu, Turkey; Haesen, Stef; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200E, 3001, Leuven, Belgium; Hagan, James G.; Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden; Hager, Heather A.; Department of Biology, Wilfrid Laurier University, 75 University Ave West, N2L 3C5, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Harris, Jonathan Philo; Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Iowa State University, 2310 Pammel Dr, 50011, Ames, IA, USA; Harrison, Natasha Dean; School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, 6009, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia; Hasnain, Sarah Syedia; Department of Biological Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Üniversiteler Mahallesi, Dumlupınar Bulvarı No: 1, 06800, Çankaya/Ankara, Turkey; Havird, Justin Chase; Dept. of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin,2415 Speedway #C0930, Austin, TX, USA; Heaton, Andrew J.; Grand Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, 6005 Bayou Heron Rd, 39562, Moss Point, MS, USA; Herrera-Chaustre, María Laura; Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 # 18A-12, Bogotá, Colombia; Howard, Tanner J.; School of Agriculture Food and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Grattan Street, 3010, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Hsu, Bin-Yan; Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turun Yliopisto, FI-20014, Turku, Finland; Iannarilli, Fabiola; Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 135 Skok Hall, 2003 Upper Buford Circle, 55108, St. Paul, MN, USA; Iranzo, Esperanza C.; Instituto de Ciencia Animal. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja s/n, Valdivia, Chile; Iverson, Erik N. K.; Department of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 2415 Speedway #C0930, 78712, Austin, Texas, USA; Jimoh, Saheed Olaide; Department of Botany, University of Wyoming, 82071, Laramie, WY, USA; Johnson, Douglas H.; Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 135 Skok Hall, 2003 Upper Buford Circle, 55108, St. Paul, MN, USA; Johnsson, Martin; Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 7023, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden; Jorna, Jesse; Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, Brigham Young University, Brigham Young University, 84602, Provo, UT, USA; Jucker, Tommaso; School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, 24 Tyndall Avenue, BS8 1TQ, Bristol, UK; Jung, Martin; International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, A-2361, Laxenburg, Austria; Kačergytė, Ineta; Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ulls Väg 16, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden; Kaltz, Oliver; Université de Montpellier, ISEM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, 34000, Montpellier, IRD, France; Ke, Alison; Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology, University of California, 1 Shields Ave, 95616, DavisDavis, CA, USA; Kelly, Clint D.; Département des Sciences biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, 141 Avenue du Président-Kennedy, H2X 1Y4, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Keogan, Katharine; Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, EH9 3JW, Edinburgh, UK; Keppeler, Friedrich Wolfgang; Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, 680 N Park St, 53706, Madison, WI, USA; Killion, Alexander K.; Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, 165 Prospect St, 06511, New Haven, CT, USA; Kim, Dongmin; Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Ecology Building, 1987 Upper Buford Cir, 55108, St. PaulSt Paul, MN, USA; Kochan, David P.; Institute of Environment and Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, 3000 NE 151st St, 33181, North Miami, FL, USA; Korsten, Peter; Department of Life Sciences, Aberystwyth University, SY23 3DA, Penglais, Aberystwyth, UK; Kothari, Shan; Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Université de Montréal, 4101, H1X 2B2, Sherbrooke St E, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Kuppler, Jonas; Institute of Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation Genomics, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany; Kusch, Jillian M.; Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, 45 Arctic Ave, A1C5S7, St John’s NL, Canada; Lagisz, Malgorzata; Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney, High Street 2052, Kensington, NSW, Australia; Lalla, Kristen Marianne; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Rd, Ste Anne-de-Bellevue, H9X 3V9, Montreal, QC, Canada; Larkin, Daniel J.; Department of Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 135 Skok Hall, 2003 Upper Buford Circle, 55108, St. Paul, MN, USA; Larson, Courtney L.; The Nature Conservancy, 258 Main Street, 82520, Lander, WY, USA; Lauck, Katherine S.; Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology, University of California, 1 Shields Ave, 95616, DavisDavis, CA, USA; Lauterbur, M. Elise; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, 1041 E Lowell St, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA; Law, Alan; Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Cottrell Building, FK9 4LA, Stirling, UK; Léandri-Breton, Don-Jean; Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Rd, Ste Anne-de-Bellevue, H9X 3V9, Montreal, QC, Canada; Lembrechts, Jonas J.; Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Belgium; L’Herpiniere, Kiara; School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, Balaclava Rd, Macquarie Park, 2109, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Lievens, Eva J. P.; Aquatic Ecology and Evolution Group, Limnological Institute, University of Konstanz, Mainaustraße 252, 78464, Konstanz, Germany; de Lima, Daniela Oliveira; Campus Cerro Largo, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Rua Jacob Haupenthal, 158097900-000, Cerro Largo, RS, CEP, Brazil; Lindsay, Shane; School of Psychology and Social Work, University of Hull, Cottingham Rd, HU6 7RX, Hull, UK; Luquet, Martin; UMR 1224, ECOBIOP, Université de Pau et des Pays de l′Adour, 173 Route de Saint-Jean-de-Luz, 64310, Saint-Pée-sur-Nivelle, France; MacLeod, Ross; School of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, L3 3AF, Liverpool, UK; Macphie, Kirsty H.; Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Edinburgh, The University of Edinburgh, King’s Buildings, Charlotte Auerbach Road, EH9 3FL, Edinburgh, UK; Magellan, Kit; Phnom Penh, Cambodia; Mair, Magdalena M.; Statistical Ecotoxicology, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research (BayCEER), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany; Malm, Lisa E.; Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Linnaeus väg 6, 907 36, Umeå, Sweden; Mammola, Stefano; Molecular Ecology Group (MEG), Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 28922, Corso Tonolli 50, Verbania, Italy; Mandeville, Caitlin P.; Department of Natural History, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Høgskoleringen 1, 7034, Trondheim, Norway; Manhart, Michael; Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 679 Hoes Lane West, 08854, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Manrique-Garzon, Laura Milena; Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Carrera 1 Nº 18A - 12, 111711, Bogotá, Bogotá D. C, Colombia; Mäntylä, Elina; Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turun Yliopisto, FI-20014, Turku, Finland; Marchand, Philippe; Institut de recherche sur les forêts, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, 445 Boulevard de l’Université, J9X 5E4, Rouyn-Noranda, QC, Canada; Marshall, Benjamin Michael; Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Cottrell Building, FK9 4LA, Stirling, UK; Martin, Charles A.; Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351, boulevard des Forges, G8Z 4M3, Trois-Rivières (Québec), Canada; Martin, Dominic Andreas; Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Altenbergrain 21, 3013, Bern, Switzerland; Martin, Jake Mitchell; Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skogsmarksgränd 17, SE-907 36, Umeå, Sweden; Martinig, April Robin; School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Randwick, 2052, Sydney, NSW, Australia; McCallum, Erin S.; Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skogsmarksgränd 17, SE-907 36, Umeå, Sweden; McCauley, Mark; Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience, University of Florida, 9505 N Ocean Shore Blvd, St. Augustine, 32080, Gainesville, FL, USA; McNew, Sabrina M.; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, 1041 E Lowell St, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA; Meiners, Scott J.; Biological Sciences, Eastern Illinois University, 600 Lincoln Avenue, 61920, Charleston, IL, USA; Merkling, Thomas; Centre d’Investigations Clinique Plurithématique - Institut Lorrain du Coeur et des Vaisseaux, Université de Lorraine, Inserm1433 CIC-P CHRU de Nancy, bâtiment Louis Mathieu - 5, rue du Morvan - 54500, Vandoeuvre-les-nancy, France; Michelangeli, Marcus; Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Skogsmarksgränd 17, SE-907 36, Umeå, Sweden; Moiron, Maria; Evolutionary biology department, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld University, Konsequenz 45, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany; Moreira, Bruno; Department of Ecology and global change, Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CIDE-CSIC/UV/GV), Carretera CV-315 km 10,7, 46113, Moncada (Valencia), Spain; Mortensen, Jennifer; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, 850 W. Dickson Street SCEN601, 72701, Fayetteville, AR, USA; Mos, Benjamin; School of the Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, The University of Queensland, 4072, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Muraina, Taofeek Olatunbosun; Department of Animal Health and Production, Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology, Igbo-Ora 201103, Oyo State, Nigeria; Murphy, Penelope Wrenn; Department of Forest & Wildlife Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1630 Linden Drive, 53706, Madison, WI, USA; Nelli, Luca; School of Biodiversity, One Health & Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, G12 8QQ, Glasgow, UK; Niemelä, Petri; Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland; Nightingale, Josh; South Iceland Research Centre, University of Iceland, Lindarbraut 4, 840, Laugarvatn, Iceland; Nilsonne, Gustav; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 9, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden; Nolazco, Sergio; School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Rainforest Walk 25, Clayton, Victoria, Australia; Nooten, Sabine S.; Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, University of Würzburg, Biocenter-Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany; Novotny, Jessie Lanterman; Hiram College, 11700 Dean St, 44234, Biology, Hiram, OH, USA; Olin, Agnes Birgitta; Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Almas allé 5, 756 51, Uppsala, Sweden; Organ, Chris L.; Department of Earth Sciences, Montana State University, 59717, Bozeman, MT, USA; Ostevik, Kate L.; Department of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology, University of California, 900 University Ave, 92521, RiversideRiverside, CA, USA; Palacio, Facundo Xavier; Sección Ornitología, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Paseo del Bosqur s/n, La Plata, B1900FWA, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Paquet, Matthieu; Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ulls Väg 16, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden; Parker, Darren James; Bangor University, Bangor University, Deiniol Road, LL57 2UW, Bangor, UK; Pascall, David J.; MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, East Forvie Building, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, CB2 0SR, Cambridge, UK; Pasquarella, Valerie J.; Harvard Forest, Harvard University, 324 N Main St, 01366, Petersham, MA, USA; Paterson, John Harold; Department of Marine Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden; Payo-Payo, Ana; Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C. de José Antonio Novais, 12, 28040, Madrid, Spain; Pedersen, Karen Marie; Biology Department, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Schnittspahnstraße 3, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany; Perez, Grégoire; UMR 1309, ASTRE, CIRAD, Campus international de Baillarguet, 34398, Montpellier, France; Perry, Kayla I.; Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Ave, 44691, Wooster, OH, USA; Pottier, Patrice; Evolution & Ecology Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, UNSW Sydney, High Street 2052, Kensington, NSW, Australia; Proulx, Michael J.; Department of Psychology, University of Bath, 10 West, BA2 7AY, Bath, UK; Proulx, Raphaël; Chaire de recherche en intégrité écologique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boul. 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    Although variation in effect sizes and predicted values among studies of similar phenomena is inevitable, such variation far exceeds what might be produced by sampling error alone. One possible explanation for variation among results is differences among researchers in the decisions they make regarding statistical analyses. A growing array of studies has explored this analytical variability in different fields and has found substantial variability among results despite analysts having the same data and research question. Many of these studies have been in the social sciences, but one small “many analyst” study found similar variability in ecology. We expanded the scope of this prior work by implementing a large-scale empirical exploration of the variation in effect sizes and model predictions generated by the analytical decisions of different researchers in ecology and evolutionary biology. We used two unpublished datasets, one from evolutionary ecology (blue tit, Cyanistes caeruleus , to compare sibling number and nestling growth) and one from conservation ecology ( Eucalyptus , to compare grass cover and tree seedling recruitment). The project leaders recruited 174 analyst teams, comprising 246 analysts, to investigate the answers to prespecified research questions. Analyses conducted by these teams yielded 141 usable effects (compatible with our meta-analyses and with all necessary information provided) for the blue tit dataset, and 85 usable effects for the Eucalyptus dataset. We found substantial heterogeneity among results for both datasets, although the patterns of variation differed between them. For the blue tit analyses, the average effect was convincingly negative, with less growth for nestlings living with more siblings, but there was near continuous variation in effect size from large negative effects to effects near zero, and even effects crossing the traditional threshold of statistical significance in the opposite direction. In contrast, the average relationship between grass cover and Eucalyptus seedling number was only slightly negative and not convincingly different from zero, and most effects ranged from weakly negative to weakly positive, with about a third of effects crossing the traditional threshold of significance in one direction or the other. However, there were also several striking outliers in the Eucalyptus dataset, with effects far from zero. For both datasets, we found substantial variation in the variable selection and random effects structures among analyses, as well as in the ratings of the analytical methods by peer reviewers, but we found no strong relationship between any of these and deviation from the meta-analytic mean. In other words, analyses with results that were far from the mean were no more or less likely to have dissimilar variable sets, use random effects in their models, or receive poor peer reviews than those analyses that found results that were close to the mean. The existence of substantial variability among analysis outcomes raises important questions about how ecologists and evolutionary biologists should interpret published results, and how they should conduct analyses in the future.