Browsing by Person "Reyer, Henry"

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    Dietary phosphorus and calcium in feed affects miRNA profiles and their mRNA targets in jejunum of two strains of laying hens
    (2021) Iqbal, Muhammad Arsalan; Ali, Asghar; Hadlich, Frieder; Oster, Michael; Reyer, Henry; Trakooljul, Nares; Sommerfeld, Vera; Rodehutscord, Markus; Wimmers, Klaus; Ponsuksili, Siriluck
    Phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) are critical for egg production in laying hens. Most of P in plant-based poultry diet is bound as phytic acid and needs to be hydrolysed before absorption. To increase P bioavailability, exogenous phytases or bioavailable rock phosphate is added in feed. There is growing evidence of the importance of miRNAs as the epicentre of intestinal homeostasis and functional properties. Therefore, we demonstrated the expression of miRNA profiles and the corresponding target genes due to the different levels of P (recommended vs. 20% reduction) and/or Ca (recommended vs. 15% reduction) in feed. Jejunal miRNA profiles of Lohmann Selected Leghorn (LSL) and Lohmann Brown (LB) laying hens strains were used (n = 80). A total of 34 and 76 miRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) in the different diet groups within LSL and LB strains respectively. In LSL, the DE miRNAs and their targets were involved in calcium signaling pathway, inositol phosphate metabolism, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Similarly, in LB miRNAs targets were enriched in metabolic pathways such as glutathione metabolism, phosphonate metabolism and vitamin B6 metabolism. Our results suggest that both strains employ different intrinsic strategies to cope with modulated P and Ca supply and maintain mineral homeostasis.
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    Multi-omics reveals different strategies in the immune and metabolic systems of high-yielding strains of laying hens
    (2022) Iqbal, Muhammad Arsalan; Reyer, Henry; Oster, Michael; Hadlich, Frieder; Trakooljul, Nares; Perdomo-Sabogal, Alvaro; Schmucker, Sonja; Stefanski, Volker; Roth, Christoph; Camarinha Silva, Amélia; Huber, Korinna; Sommerfeld, Vera; Rodehutscord, Markus; Wimmers, Klaus; Ponsuksili, Siriluck
    Lohmann Brown (LB) and Lohmann Selected Leghorn (LSL) are two commercially important laying hen strains due to their high egg production and excellent commercial suitability. The present study integrated multiple data sets along the genotype-phenotype map to better understand how the genetic background of the two strains influences their molecular pathways. In total, 71 individuals were analyzed (LB, n = 36; LSL, n = 35). Data sets include gut miRNA and mRNA transcriptome data, microbiota composition, immune cells, inositol phosphate metabolites, minerals, and hormones from different organs of the two hen strains. All complex data sets were pre-processed, normalized, and compatible with the mixOmics platform. The most discriminant features between two laying strains included 20 miRNAs, 20 mRNAs, 16 immune cells, 10 microbes, 11 phenotypic traits, and 16 metabolites. The expression of specific miRNAs and the abundance of immune cell types were related to the enrichment of immune pathways in the LSL strain. In contrast, more microbial taxa specific to the LB strain were identified, and the abundance of certain microbes strongly correlated with host gut transcripts enriched in immunological and metabolic pathways. Our findings indicate that both strains employ distinct inherent strategies to acquire and maintain their immune and metabolic systems under high-performance conditions. In addition, the study provides a new perspective on a view of the functional biodiversity that emerges during strain selection and contributes to the understanding of the role of host–gut interaction, including immune phenotype, microbiota, gut transcriptome, and metabolome.