Browsing by Person "Sieverding, Ewald"

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Four new families of Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi within the order glomerales
(2024) da Silva, Gladstone Alves; de Assis, Daniele Magna Azevedo; Sieverding, Ewald; Oehl, Fritz; da Silva, Gladstone Alves; Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Av. da Engenharia s/n, Recife 50740-600, PE, Brazil; de Assis, Daniele Magna Azevedo; Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, Av. da Engenharia s/n, Recife 50740-600, PE, Brazil; Sieverding, Ewald; Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics (Hans-Ruthenberg Institute), University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 13, D-70599 Stuttgart-Hohenheim, Germany; Oehl, Fritz; Competence Division for Plants and Plant Products, Agroscope, Müller-Thurgau-Strasse 29, CH-8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland; Sipiczki, Matthias
Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses, and also considering morphological characters, four new families are separated from the family Glomeraceae within the order Glomerales and the class Glomeromycetes. The revised family Glomeraceae comprises only four genera: the type genus Glomus , Complexispora , Sclerocarpum and Simiglomus . Septoglomeraceae fam. nov. comprises, besides Septoglomus , Funneliformis , Funneliglomus , Blaszkowskia and Viscospora . Sclerocystaceae fam. nov. is represented by the type genus Sclerocystis but also by Halonatospora , Oehlia , Parvocarpum , Rhizoglomus and Silvaspora . Kamienskiaceae fam. nov. encompasses Kamienskia , Microkamienskia and Epigeocarpum . Finally, Dominikiaceae fam. nov. includes the genera Dominikia , Macrodominikia gen. nov., Microdominikia , Nanoglomus and Orientoglomus . The genera Oehlia and Halonatospora form two other clades well separated from Silvaspora , Sclerocystis and Rhizoglomus and might represent two further families within Glomerales. This deeper separation is, in our opinion, fully supported by molecular phylogeny, but in view of the low numbers of taxa, the separation is not yet proposed at this stage of research progress.
Growth responses of three European weeds on different AMF species during early development
(2022) Säle, Verena; Sieverding, Ewald; Oehl, Fritz
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have multiple functions in agroecosystems and affect many processes below- and aboveground, including plant productivity. Mycorrhizal symbiosis is not necessarily beneficial for the host plant and the growth response can be not only positive but also neutral or negative. Among other factors, the responsiveness of plants to AMF depends on the plant-fungus combination. To find out whether the AMF species or isolate is a decisive factor for growth responses of weeds, 44 AMF isolates were tested in a pot experiment for their effects on three agricultural weeds: Echinochloa crus-galli, Solanum nigrum and Papaver rhoeas. The 44 isolates cover 18 AMF species from 13 genera and all 5 orders of the Glomeromycota. The aboveground biomass of the weeds was determined after different times of growth of each weed. In most cases, the effects of AMF isolates on weed growth were negative or neutral. We conclude that some weed species do not benefit from AMF in terms of growth. AMF species can even cause negative growth responses, an effect that may be of practical interest for organic farming where the aim is to obtain a high diversity and concentration of native AMF for the benefit of the cultivated crops without increasing the labor for mechanical weeding.