Browsing by Person "Spiller, Monika"

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Historic insights and future potential in wheat elaborated using a diverse cultivars collection and extended phenotyping
(2025) El Hassouni, Khaoula; Afzal, Muhammad; Boeven, Philipp H. G.; Dornte, Jost; Koch, Michael; Pfeiffer, Nina; Pfleger, Franz; Rapp, Matthias; Schacht, Johannes; Spiller, Monika; Sielaff, Malte; Tenzer, Stefan; Thorwarth, Patrick; Longin, C. Friedrich H.; El Hassouni, Khaoula; State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 21, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany; Afzal, Muhammad; State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 21, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany; Boeven, Philipp H. G.; Limagrain GmbH, Salder Str. 4, 31226, Peine-Rosenthal, Germany; Dornte, Jost; Deutsche Saatveredelung AG (DSV), Leutewitz 26, 01665, Kaebschuetztal, Germany; Koch, Michael; Deutsche Saatveredelung AG (DSV), Leutewitz 26, 01665, Kaebschuetztal, Germany; Pfeiffer, Nina; KWS Lochow GmbH, Zuchstation Wetze, 37154, Northeim, Germany; Pfleger, Franz; DIGeFa GmbH, Schützenberg 10, 32756, Detmold, Germany; Rapp, Matthias; W. Von Borries-Eckendorf GmbH & Co. KG (WvB), Hovedisserstr. 94, 33818, Leopoldshöhe, Germany; Schacht, Johannes; Limagrain GmbH, Salder Str. 4, 31226, Peine-Rosenthal, Germany; Spiller, Monika; KWS Lochow GmbH, Zuchstation Wetze, 37154, Northeim, Germany; Sielaff, Malte; Institute for Immunology and Research Center for Immune Therapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany; Tenzer, Stefan; Institute for Immunology and Research Center for Immune Therapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany; Thorwarth, Patrick; State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 21, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany; Longin, C. Friedrich H.; State Plant Breeding Institute, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 21, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
Wheat is one of the most important staple crops worldwide. Wheat breeding mainly focused on improving agronomy and techno-functionality for bread or pasta production, but nutrient content is becoming more important to fight malnutrition. We therefore investigated 282 bread wheat cultivars from seven decades of wheat breeding in Central Europe on 63 different traits related to agronomy, quality and nutrients in multiple field environments. Our results showed that wheat breeding has tremendously increased grain yield, resistance against diseases and lodging as well as baking quality across last decades. By contrast, mineral content slightly decreased without selection on it, probably due to its negative correlation with grain yield. The significant genetic variances determined for almost all traits show the potential for further improvement but significant negative correlations among grain yield and baking quality as well as grain yield and mineral content complicate their combined improvement. Thus, compromises in improvement of these traits are necessary to feed a growing global population.
Insights into a genomics‐based pre‐breeding program in wheat
(2025) Meyenberg, Carina; Thorwarth, Patrick; Spiller, Monika; Kollers, Sonja; Reif, Jochen Christoph; Longin, Carl Friedrich Horst
Continuous intercrossing of the best‐performing wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) elite lines has resulted in genetic gains for a wide range of traits. However, this approach can also reduce genetic diversity, which potentially limits the long‐term genetic improvement. The use of plant genetic resources (PGRs) is therefore considered as crucial to maintain, or even increase, genetic variability in breeding to address future challenges in agriculture in a sustainable manner. Pre‐breeding programs aim to incorporate untapped genetic diversity into an elite germplasm background. Since there is limited knowledge exchange and few publications on how to run pre‐breeding programs efficiently, we report here our latest pre‐breeding scheme and key lessons learned from a decade of wheat pre‐breeding. Our study is based on genotypic and phenotypic data from 390 pre‐breeding lines coming from multiple locations and 4 years of yield trials. We used the genotypic data to estimate the genetically estimated parental contribution (GEPC) of PGRs in pre‐breeding lines. Considerable variation in GEPC between pre‐breeding lines were found even within the same cross. Combining both genotypic and phenotypic data, we compared different scenarios for genome‐wide predictions. Predicting new lines based on calibrations developed across previous years, we determined prediction abilities ranging between 0.34 and 0.69 for grain yield and 0.53 and 0.71 for sedimentation volume, depending on the predicted dataset. Finally, we showed that targeted pre‐breeding yields a small number of promising pre‐breeding lines that perform at the level of the most important commercial varieties.