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Browsing by Subject "Differentiation"

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    Der Einfluss verschiedener Ölemulsionen und der IL-6-Typ-Zytokine CNTF und LIF auf die Differenzierung von 3T3-L1-Präadipozyten zu Fettzellen
    (2009) Stäbler, Antje; Graeve, Lutz
    Type 2 diabetes is a disease of civilization spreading all over the world like an epidemic. Among other things it is characterized by increased glucose and triglyceride levels of the blood. Thus the differentiation of preadipocytes into adipocytes that are specialized in storing large fat depots is essential for the removal of excess nutrients from the circulation. This process can be simulated through the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells by treatment with insulin, IBMX, and dexamethasone. In this study a compensative effect of olive oil as well as soy bean oil on the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells was found. The differentiation triggered by insulin, IBMX, and dexamethasone was somewhat inhibited by incubating the cells with one of the two oils, whereas both olive and soy bean oil had a certain potential to act as differentiating agents them-selves when insulin, IBMX, and dexamethasone were not added. This points to benefits of certain oils contained in food compared to thiazolidinediones that are used as antidiabetics and lead to weight gain in the long term. Furthermore the inhibitory effect of the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα on the differentiation process could be compensated to some degree by either oil. The transcription factor PPARγ was used to measure the state of differentiation. Caveolin1 is involved in both buildup and degradation of intracellular fat stores and was induced by oil incubation in differentiated as well as in undifferentiated 3T3-L1 cells. Moreover the signal transduction of the IL-6-related cytokine CNTF in 3T3-L1 cells and its influence on the differentiation process of these cells was investigated. In recent years CNTF was spotlighted because of its leptin-like properties that persist even in leptin resistant states. In this study an increasing sensitivity to CNTF during the differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells was shown. Furthermore the positive effects of the cytokine on fatty acid metabolism and adipocyte development were verified. CNTF favored the emergence of many small adipocytes compared to fewer, but larger adi-pocytes under different conditions. Thereby the functionality of the cells is influenced in a positive way and the protection from the development of insulin resistance is increased. The effect of LIF - another IL-6-related cytokine - was not similar to that of CNTF but was more comparable to the effect of the oils.