Browsing by Subject "Ernterückstand"

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Management of Fusarium graminearum-inoculated crop residues : effects on head blight, grain yield and grain quality of subsequent winter wheat crops
(2001) Yi, Cuilin; Aufhammer, Walter
On the experimental station Ihinger Hof of Hohenheim University field experiments with artificial inoculation were conducted. An isolation-strip experiment included strips of winter rape crops, separating non-inoculated test plots of wheat from inoculated wheat plots. For the main field experiment, maize or spring wheat were planted as pre-crops in rotations with winter wheat and different crop residue treatments were applied. Additional residue management greenhouse tests were conducted and treated equivalent to the field experiment. Results of isolation-strips field experiments with wheat showed that. Isolation strips of 2 m width reduced disease incidence on neighbour plots by more than 50%. A further increase in isolation strip width did improve the isolation effect, but the differences between isolation strip widths were comparatively small. The infection in test plots was not completely eliminated even with 8 m wide strips. Greenhouse tests of residue management showed that deeper residue incorporation effectively reduced the F. g. populations on residues. The application of nitrolime reduced the population level of F. g. On the contrary, fertilization with calcium ammonium nitrate promoted F. g. populations. Soaking the residues in a fungicide preparation eliminated F. g. on the residues completely. Residue management field experiments with artificial inoculation of pre-crops, there were no significant differences in infection level after either maize or wheat, and the infection level of winter wheat was especially high after maize for silage use in one year. The reductions of FHB incidence due to ploughing or nitrolime application were 27-32% or 31-59% compared with residues remaining on the surface or calcium ammonium nitrate fertilization, respectively. But at that moderate FHB infection level, the residue management hardly influenced wheat grain yield and technological grain quality.