Browsing by Subject "Ileal"

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Bestimmung präcecaler Verdaulichkeitskoeffizienten für heimische Energie- und Proteinfuttermittel für die Bio-Hühnermast
(2016) Ritteser, Carolin; Grashorn, Michael
To improving the supply of slow growing broiler chicken in organic poultry production with essential amino acids the ileal digestibility (ID) of 15 organically cultivated feedstuffs was determined using a linear regression approach. The ID was determined for three and six week old chickens. The feedstuffs included common cereal species such as wheat, rye, spelt and summer barley, hull-less cereals such as naked barley and naked oats, forgotten cereals or pseudo-cereals such as brown top millet, pearl millet and buckwheat but also corn silage, strip waste of lentils, alfalfa leaves, and clover grass silage (extruded and untreated). The cultivars were added to a basal diet in 3 concentrations in exchange to corn starch. Therefore, the increase for crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) resulted from the cultivar only. Titanium dioxide was used as an indigestible marker. Each diet was fed ad libitum between day 15 and 21 d of age to 6 pens of 15 chickens or between day 36 and 42 d of age to 6 pens of 6 chickens, each. On day 21 and/or day 42 birds were killed by carbon dioxide, the chymus was collected and pooled for the 15 or 6 chickens per pen, respectively and analyzed on pen basis. Contents of crude protein, amino acids and titanium dioxide have been determined. The slope of the regression line between the amount of AA intake by feed and the amount of AA digested up to the ileum is considered to be the true ileal digestibility. The crude nutrient contents of the organically grown feedstuffs show different results in comparison to conventionally grown ones. The highest crude protein content was determined for lentils, followed by clover grass silage and dried alfalfa leaves. However, the alfalfa leaves also showed the highest content of crude fiber. Brown top millet, pearl millet, clover grass silage and alfalfa leaves contained the highest amount of methionine. The highest lysine contents were found for lentils, clover grass silage and alfalfa leaves. Values for digestibility of crude protein and amino acids varied strongly among the feedstuffs. Rye, spelt and the clover grass silages were digested only poorly by both, the three and the six week old broilers. This was probably caused by an increased content of antinutritional substances and crude fiber. Extrusion didn´t have any positive effect on the amino acids digestibility of the clover grass silage, it rather impaired digestibility. For buckwheat and clover grass silage the high contents of crude protein and amino acids were compensated by poor digestibility. Brown top millet, pearl millet, strip waste of lentils and especially alfalfa leaves turned out to be appropriate feedstuffs for an adequate protein and amino acids supply in broiler nutrition. Due to the high fiber content alfalfa leaves should be used carefully in the diet. Their high crude fiber content causes an increase in feed volume and this may result in a too low feed intake of broilers to fulfill their nutritional requirements. This again can cause growth disturbances. In general, digestibility values for the organically grown feedstuffs were found to be similar to the values of conventionally grown feedstuffs.