Institut für Agrartechnik

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hohpublica.uni-hohenheim.de/handle/123456789/19

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Catalase activity in hot-air dried mango as an indicator of heat exposure for rapid detection of heat stress
(2022) Mukhtar, Adnan; Latif, Sajid; Salvatierra-Rojas, Ana; Müller, Joachim
The growing market for dried fruits requires more attention to quality parameters. Mango and other tropical fruits are commonly dried at temperatures ranging from 40 °C to 80 °C. Convincing evidence suggests that the nutritional quality of dried fruits is best preserved when dried at low temperatures ≤50 °C, whereas increasing drying temperatures lead to the degradation of the most valuable nutrients inside the fruit. Currently, there is no system or direct measurement method that can assist in identifying the quality deterioration of dried fruits caused by excessive heat exposure during drying. From this perspective, the activity of the heat-sensitive enzyme ‘catalase’ was used for the first time to evaluate and compare mango slices dried at 40 °C, 60 °C and 80 °C. Various methods, including direct and indirect flotation tests and spectrophotometric measurements, were explored to measure the residual catalase activity in the dried samples. Results showed that the spectrophotometry and indirect flotation test produced the best results, revealing a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the catalase activity of mango slices dried at 40 °C, 60 °C and 80 °C, which the direct-dried mango flotation test failed to predict. Furthermore, this study demonstrates the potential applicability of catalase activity to indicate heat stress in dried mango slices processed at different temperatures.
Investigating crude sesame oil sedimentation and its monitoring using Laser Backscattering Imaging (LBI)
(2023) Wu, Zhangkai; Romuli, Sebastian; Intani, Kiatkamjon; Müller, Joachim
Sesame oil is a food and energy resource that is not used enough. Sedimentation of crude oil after pressing can remove particles and happens regardless of the producer’s intention. However, sedimentation of crude plant oil and its sensing technology are rarely studied. This research studied crude sesame oil sedimentation and monitored it with low-cost laser backscattering imaging (LBI). In the discontinuous measurement, a 30-day sedimentation was conducted with oil samples sent to the lab LBI system for image capture. A scattering spot and an increasing Tyndall effect along the light path were seen. In the continuous measurement, an LBI system was mounted on a sedimentation tank for 30 days. The sedimentation curve, scattering images, and oil properties were checked. The sedimentation speed was about −7 mm/h, then less than −2 mm/h. The image features correlated well with the sedimentation interface height (R2 = 0.97) when the height was above −100 mm. The oil-particle-related properties (ash content, phosphorus content, carbon residue, and total contamination) dropped by at least 87%, water content decreased by 90%, and the oxidation-related properties (oxidation stability, γ-tocotrienol, δ-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, and acid value) changed less significantly. The crude sesame oil sedimentation had two stages: diluted and hindered sedimentation. This research can help improve sedimentation tank and LBI system design and prevent unwanted sedimentation.
Marketing strategies for cultured meat: A review
(2022) Siddiqui, Shahida Anusha; Khan, Sipper; Murid, Misbah; Asif, Zarnab; Oboturova, Natalya Pavlovna; Nagdalian, Andrey Ashotovich; Blinov, Andrey Vladimirovich; Ibrahim, Salam A.; Jafari, Seid Mahdi
Environmentally intense and negative consequences relateing to conventional meat production systems have induced some actors to suggest alternative meat sources. Diseases carried by animals, human perception of cruelty to animals, and public health concerns about cardiovascular diseases have provided the basis for the development of cultured meat. The current market is influenced by many factors, including regulators, affordability, religion, and media perception. The existing cultured meat market is also regulated by legislatures, affordability, consumer religion, and the media. Consumer perception is distributed across various aspects, including ethical priorities, nutritional profile of the meat consumed, age-based acceptance, gender differentiation, political orientation, land-based attitude, education status, socioeconomic factors, and familiarity factor with the existing product in the market. Inhibiting barriers reported among consumers—including low naturalness, safety, nutritional concerns, trust, neophobia, economic, and ethical approaches—should be employed as marketing tactics directly to address their respective concerns. Tissue culture, starter cells, printing, and 3D printing are some of the methods currently being used for the production of cultured meat. Similarly, many hybrid technologies are also being used to produce meat-like products to increase consumer familiarity along and market presence. Existing research frameworks have improved the previous mindset of consumers with media coverage, educational frameworks, and the textural attributes of cultured meat. Additional benefits of CUME may include being environmentally friendly with less production of greenhouse gases. However, consumer trust, affordability, improving nutritional status, and widescale adoption are just a few of the parameters that need to be addressed to enhance consumer acceptability of these products. The aim of this article was to analyze the current state of cultured meat and the marketing content challenges and strategies used to advance public acceptance of cultured meat.
Modeling and spatiotemporal mapping of water quality through remote sensing techniques: A case study of the Hassan Addakhil dam
(2021) El Ouali, Anas; El Hafyani, Mohammed; Roubil, Allal; Lahrach, Abderrahim; Essahlaoui, Ali; Hamid, Fatima Ezzahra; Muzirafuti, Anselme; Paraforos, Dimitrios S.; Lanza, Stefania; Randazzo, Giovanni
With its high water potential, the Ziz basin is one of the most important basins in Morocco. This paper aims to develop a methodology for spatiotemporal monitoring of the water quality of the Hassan Addakhil dam using remote sensing techniques combined with a modeling approach. Firstly, several models were established for the different water quality parameters (nitrate, dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll a) by combining field and satellite data. In a second step, the calibration and validation of the selected models were performed based on the following statistical parameters: compliance index R2, the root mean square error and p-value. Finally, the satellite data were used to carry out spatiotemporal monitoring of the water quality. The field results show excellent quality for most of the samples. In terms of the modeling approach, the selected models for the three parameters (nitrate, dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll a) have shown a good correlation between the measured and estimated values with compliance index values of 0.62, 0.56 and 0.58 and root mean square error values of 0.16 mg/L, 0.65 mg/L and 0.07 µg/L for nitrate, dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll a, respectively. After the calibration, the validation and the selection of the models, the spatiotemporal variation of water quality was determined thanks to the multitemporal satellite data. The results show that this approach is an effective and valid methodology for the modeling and spatiotemporal mapping of water quality in the reservoir of the Hassan Addakhil dam. It can also provide valuable support for decision-makers in water quality monitoring as it can be applied to other regions with similar conditions.

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